How the Norwegian research system could cope with grand societal and economic challenges

New constellations of actors are emerging in knowledge, research and innovation systems (KRIS), aiming to address societal and economic challenges. This can be seen as part of ongoing transformations of KRIS. There are broader changes going on in our societies, for example the request by publics to organize research and innovation in a more inclusive manner. Conscious and pro-active KRIS policymakers can draw upon emerging actor constellations, and they can also stimulate and shape new configurations intentionally. In practice, this will often require nudging and modulating what is happening already. Various forms of public-private-societal partnerships are an example of such dynamics.